摘   要

张若虚一生仅留下两首诗，却因一首《春江花月夜》，“孤篇横绝，竟为大家”。这首诗不仅以春、江、花、月、夜这动人的美景使人陶醉，更重要的是诗中蕴含的宇宙、生命等人生意识强烈的震撼着每一个读者的心灵。本文从美景易逝、青春难留，人生短暂、宇宙无穷，咫尺天涯、相思难遣和企盼回归、遥望理想这四个方面来阐述了《春江花月夜》的人生意识。
《春江花月夜》对春、江、花、月、夜这五种景物进行了细致的描绘，给读者勾画了一幅美丽的春江夜景图，蕴含了对自然美景的留恋，对青春时光的珍惜。诗歌在对江水、江月的描绘中，感悟到了“人生代代无穷已”的生命哲理和“江月年年只相似”的宇宙观念，表达了一种宇宙无限、人生短暂的深沉思考。诗歌描写游子思妇的相思离别之情，抒发了天涯远隔、人情难圆的苦闷以及对美好爱情的期盼和向往，表现了一种强烈的人生体验。
关键词：张若虚；《春江花月夜》；人生意识

 
ABSTRACT

Zhang Ruoxu life only leaves behind two poems, actually because of Spring Changjiang River-area cotton Moonlit night, "orphaned horizontally certainly, unexpectedly for everybody". This first poem not only by the spring, the river, the flower, the month, a night of this moving beautiful scene causes the human to be infatuated with, in the poem contains more importantly life consciousness and so on universe, life intense is shocking each readers mind. This article from beautiful scene easy to vanish, the youth is difficult to remain, the life short, the universe infinite, unbearable, lovesickness is difficult to dispatch with the hope return, to look out the ideal these four aspects elaborated Spring Changjiang River-area cotton Moonlit night the life consciousness.
Spring Changjiang River-area cotton Moonlit night to the spring, the river, the flower, the month, a night of these five kind of scenery has carried on the careful description, has outlined a beautiful spring river night scene chart to the reader, has contained to natural beautiful scene being reluctant to part with, to youth time treasuring. The poetry in to the river water, in Jiang Yue description, feels "infinitely to life generation of already" the life philosophy and "the river month only is year after year similar" the universe idea, expressed one kind of universe infinite, the life short deep ponder. The poetry describes the decoy to think womans lovesickness to leave the sentiment, expressed the horizon to be widely separated by, the human sentiment difficult circle to be depressed as well as and yearned for to the happy love hope, displayed one kind of intense life to give sympathy .
Key words: Zhang Ruoxu; Spring Changjiang River-area cotton Moonlit night;
 Life consciousness